The 64 Audio Nio is 12Ω with a sensitivity of 107.0 dB/mW, which is 126.2 dB/V. To reach 100 dB SPL — genuinely loud, louder than most people listen — it needs 0.20 mW, or 49 mV across the drivers.
That puts it in the easy category. A phone, a laptop headphone jack or the cheapest USB dongle will drive it to painful levels. Of the 53 sources in the database, 53 have comfortable headroom. The cheapest portable source that does the job is the Apple USB-C dongle (US) at $9.
Sensitivity here is in dB per milliwatt. Manufacturers often quote dB per volt instead and leave the unit off, which is the single most common reason online calculators give answers that are 10–15 dB wrong. The converter explains the difference.
| Level | What it is | Power | Voltage | Current |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85 dB SPL | quiet background listening | 0.01 mW | 9 mV | 0.7 mA |
| 95 dB SPL | normal listening | 0.06 mW | 28 mV | 2.3 mA |
| 100 dB SPL | loud listening | 0.20 mW | 49 mV | 4.1 mA |
| 105 dB SPL | very loud | 0.63 mW | 87 mV | 7.3 mA |
| 110 dB SPL | peaks on dynamic music | 2.0 mW | 0.15 V | 12.9 mA |
Most people listen between 75 and 85 dB. The 100 dB row is the one worth planning around: it gives you headroom for dynamic peaks without designing your system for a volume that would damage your hearing in under fifteen minutes. The safe listening calculator puts numbers on that.
Every source in the database, judged at 100 dB SPL into 12Ω. “Headroom” is how much power is left over above what the headphone needs — 10 dB means ten times the required power, which is what you want for dynamic peaks.
| Source | Type | Price | Power into 12Ω | Headroom | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Schiit Ragnarok 2 | desktop amplifier | $1500 | 9.0 W | +47 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Mjolnir 3 | desktop amplifier | $800 | 3.0 W | +42 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Burson Soloist 3X GT | desktop amplifier | $1500 | 3.0 W | +42 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Chord Hugo TT 2 | desktop amplifier | $5000 | 3.0 W | +42 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Asgard 3 | desktop amplifier | $250 | 2.6 W | +41 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Ferrum OOR | desktop amplifier | $1800 | 2.6 W | +41 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Topping A90 Discrete | desktop amplifier | $400 | 2.2 W | +41 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Wells Audio Milo | desktop amplifier | $2500 | 2.2 W | +41 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Topping A90 | desktop amplifier | $500 | 2.1 W | +40 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Headamp GS-X Mini | desktop amplifier | $1400 | 1.9 W | +40 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| JDS Labs Element III MK2 | desktop DAC/amp | $350 | 1.7 W | +39 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SMSL HO200 | desktop amplifier | $300 | 1.5 W | +39 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iFi iCAN Pro | desktop amplifier | $600 | 1.5 W | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Topping L30 II | desktop amplifier | $130 | 1.3 W | +38 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Cayin HA-6A | desktop amplifier | $1800 | 1.1 W | +38 dB | Comfortable audible hiss, damping |
| FiiO M17 | portable player | $1800 | 1.1 W | +38 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Magni+ | desktop amplifier | $109 | 750 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Fiio K7 | desktop DAC/amp | $180 | 750 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Fiio K9 Pro | desktop DAC/amp | $380 | 750 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Geshelli Archel Pro | desktop amplifier | $200 | 675 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Magni Heresy | desktop amplifier | $100 | 600 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SMSL SH-9 | desktop amplifier | $150 | 562 mW | +34 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| JDS Labs Atom+ (2nd gen) | desktop amplifier | $100 | 375 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iFi Zen CAN | desktop amplifier | $200 | 375 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| HiBy R6 Pro II | portable player | $750 | 281 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO M11S | portable player | $500 | 251 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO KA17 | USB dongle | $150 | 244 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO BTR17 | Bluetooth receiver | $200 | 244 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Astell&Kern SP3000 | portable player | $3700 | 225 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO KA13 | USB dongle | $80 | 206 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Qudelix T71 | Bluetooth receiver | $200 | 150 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Astell&Kern SR35 | portable player | $800 | 150 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO BTR15 | Bluetooth receiver | $110 | 128 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO BTR7 | Bluetooth receiver | $200 | 120 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Questyle M15 | USB dongle | $250 | 112 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Hidizs S9 Pro | USB dongle | $75 | 101 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Sony NW-WM1AM2 | portable player | $1400 | 94 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Qudelix 5K | Bluetooth receiver | $110 | 90 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Moondrop Dawn Pro | USB dongle | $60 | 86 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iBasso DC04 Pro | USB dongle | $90 | 86 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Shanling UP5 | Bluetooth receiver | $130 | 86 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Truthear SHIO | USB dongle | $70 | 80 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Vali 2+ | desktop amplifier | $200 | 75 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable audible hiss, damping |
| FiiO KA11 | USB dongle | $30 | 75 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| ddHiFi TC44 Pro | USB dongle | $110 | 71 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Shanling UA5 | Bluetooth receiver | $220 | 68 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Tempotec Sonata BHD Pro | USB dongle | $40 | 49 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iBasso DC03 Pro | USB dongle | $60 | 45 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Generic CX31993 dongles | USB dongle | $12 | 22 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| EarStudio ES100 MK2 | Bluetooth receiver | $90 | 22 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Sony NW-A306 | portable player | $350 | 19 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Apple USB-C dongle (US) | USB dongle | $9 | 11 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Apple USB-C dongle (EU) | USB dongle | $9 | 5.6 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
Hiss. At 126.2 dB/V these are sensitive enough to reveal a source's own noise floor. The noisiest source in the database, the Schiit Vali 2+, would put its hiss at roughly 34 dB SPL in these headphones — clearly audible in quiet passages. The hiss calculator lets you check your own amplifier's noise figure.
Output impedance. At 12Ω these want a source output impedance below 1.50Ω to satisfy the one-eighth rule. 2 of the 53 sources here miss it, the worst being the Schiit Vali 2+ at 6Ω. Above that threshold the source starts shaping the frequency response. Check yours here.
12Ω · 108.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →12Ω · 108.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →12Ω · 107.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →22Ω · 109.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →20Ω · 110.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →20Ω · 110.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →Or open the comparison tool to put any two models side by side, or browse all 316.