Focal Elegia: how much amplifier do you need?

The Focal Elegia is 35Ω with a sensitivity of 105.0 dB/mW, which is 119.6 dB/V. To reach 100 dB SPL — genuinely loud, louder than most people listen — it needs 0.32 mW, or 0.11 V across the drivers.

That puts it in the easy category. A phone, a laptop headphone jack or the cheapest USB dongle will drive it to painful levels. Of the 53 sources in the database, 53 have comfortable headroom. The cheapest portable source that does the job is the Apple USB-C dongle (US) at $9.

The two numbers that decide everything

Impedance35 Ω
Sensitivity105.0 dB/mW
Sensitivity (voltage)119.6 dB/V
TypeOver-ear
BrandFocal
Easy to drive — anything will do it

Sensitivity here is in dB per milliwatt. Manufacturers often quote dB per volt instead and leave the unit off, which is the single most common reason online calculators give answers that are 10–15 dB wrong. The converter explains the difference.

Power, voltage and current by listening level

LevelWhat it isPowerVoltageCurrent
85 dB SPLquiet background listening0.01 mW19 mV0.5 mA
95 dB SPLnormal listening0.10 mW59 mV1.7 mA
100 dB SPLloud listening0.32 mW0.11 V3.0 mA
105 dB SPLvery loud1.0 mW0.19 V5.3 mA
110 dB SPLpeaks on dynamic music3.2 mW0.33 V9.5 mA

Most people listen between 75 and 85 dB. The 100 dB row is the one worth planning around: it gives you headroom for dynamic peaks without designing your system for a volume that would damage your hearing in under fifteen minutes. The safe listening calculator puts numbers on that.

What drives them, from a $9 dongle upwards

Every source in the database, judged at 100 dB SPL into 35Ω. “Headroom” is how much power is left over above what the headphone needs — 10 dB means ten times the required power, which is what you want for dynamic peaks.

SourceTypePricePower into 35ΩHeadroomVerdict
Schiit Ragnarok 2desktop amplifier$150022.2 W+48 dBComfortable faint hiss
Chord Hugo TT 2desktop amplifier$50007.5 W+44 dBComfortable faint hiss
Burson Soloist 3X GTdesktop amplifier$15007.4 W+44 dBComfortable faint hiss
Schiit Mjolnir 3desktop amplifier$8007.4 W+44 dBComfortable audible hiss
Ferrum OORdesktop amplifier$18006.6 W+43 dBComfortable faint hiss
Schiit Asgard 3desktop amplifier$2506.5 W+43 dBComfortable faint hiss
Wells Audio Milodesktop amplifier$25005.6 W+43 dBComfortable faint hiss
Topping A90 Discretedesktop amplifier$4005.6 W+42 dBComfortable faint hiss
Topping A90desktop amplifier$5005.1 W+42 dBComfortable faint hiss
Headamp GS-X Minidesktop amplifier$14004.7 W+42 dBComfortable faint hiss
JDS Labs Element III MK2desktop DAC/amp$3504.2 W+41 dBComfortable faint hiss
SMSL HO200desktop amplifier$3003.7 W+41 dBComfortable faint hiss
iFi iCAN Prodesktop amplifier$6003.7 W+41 dBComfortable audible hiss
Topping L30 IIdesktop amplifier$1303.2 W+40 dBComfortable faint hiss
Cayin HA-6Adesktop amplifier$18002.8 W+39 dBComfortable audible hiss
FiiO M17portable player$18002.8 W+39 dBComfortable audible hiss
Fiio K9 Prodesktop DAC/amp$3801.9 W+38 dBComfortable faint hiss
Schiit Magni+desktop amplifier$1091.8 W+38 dBComfortable faint hiss
Fiio K7desktop DAC/amp$1801.8 W+38 dBComfortable faint hiss
Geshelli Archel Prodesktop amplifier$2001.7 W+37 dBComfortable faint hiss
Schiit Magni Heresydesktop amplifier$1001.5 W+37 dBComfortable faint hiss
SMSL SH-9desktop amplifier$1501.4 W+36 dBComfortable faint hiss
JDS Labs Atom+ (2nd gen)desktop amplifier$100939 mW+35 dBComfortable faint hiss
iFi Zen CANdesktop amplifier$200939 mW+35 dBComfortable faint hiss
HiBy R6 Pro IIportable player$750697 mW+33 dBComfortable audible hiss
FiiO M11Sportable player$500621 mW+33 dBComfortable audible hiss
FiiO KA17USB dongle$150605 mW+33 dBComfortable audible hiss
FiiO BTR17Bluetooth receiver$200602 mW+33 dBComfortable faint hiss
Astell&Kern SP3000portable player$3700557 mW+32 dBComfortable faint hiss
FiiO KA13USB dongle$80509 mW+32 dBComfortable audible hiss
Qudelix T71Bluetooth receiver$200372 mW+31 dBComfortable faint hiss
Astell&Kern SR35portable player$800372 mW+31 dBComfortable audible hiss
FiiO BTR15Bluetooth receiver$110314 mW+30 dBComfortable faint hiss
FiiO BTR7Bluetooth receiver$200296 mW+30 dBComfortable audible hiss
Questyle M15USB dongle$250279 mW+29 dBComfortable faint hiss
Hidizs S9 ProUSB dongle$75248 mW+29 dBComfortable audible hiss
Sony NW-WM1AM2portable player$1400232 mW+29 dBComfortable faint hiss
Qudelix 5KBluetooth receiver$110221 mW+28 dBComfortable faint hiss
Moondrop Dawn ProUSB dongle$60212 mW+28 dBComfortable faint hiss
iBasso DC04 ProUSB dongle$90212 mW+28 dBComfortable faint hiss
Shanling UP5Bluetooth receiver$130212 mW+28 dBComfortable audible hiss
Truthear SHIOUSB dongle$70197 mW+28 dBComfortable faint hiss
Schiit Vali 2+desktop amplifier$200188 mW+28 dBComfortable audible hiss, damping
FiiO KA11USB dongle$30185 mW+28 dBComfortable faint hiss
ddHiFi TC44 ProUSB dongle$110176 mW+27 dBComfortable faint hiss
Shanling UA5Bluetooth receiver$220166 mW+27 dBComfortable audible hiss
Tempotec Sonata BHD ProUSB dongle$40120 mW+26 dBComfortable audible hiss
iBasso DC03 ProUSB dongle$60111 mW+25 dBComfortable faint hiss
EarStudio ES100 MK2Bluetooth receiver$9056 mW+22 dBComfortable faint hiss
Generic CX31993 donglesUSB dongle$1255 mW+22 dBComfortable audible hiss
Sony NW-A306portable player$35046 mW+22 dBComfortable audible hiss
Apple USB-C dongle (US)USB dongle$928 mW+19 dBComfortable audible hiss
Apple USB-C dongle (EU)USB dongle$914 mW+16 dBComfortable audible hiss

The three ways a source goes wrong

Hiss. At 119.6 dB/V these are sensitive enough to reveal a source's own noise floor. The noisiest source in the database, the Schiit Vali 2+, would put its hiss at roughly 28 dB SPL in these headphones — clearly audible in quiet passages. The hiss calculator lets you check your own amplifier's noise figure.

Output impedance. At 35Ω these want a source output impedance below 4.38Ω to satisfy the one-eighth rule. 1 of the 53 sources here miss it, the worst being the Schiit Vali 2+ at 6Ω. Above that threshold the source starts shaping the frequency response. Check yours here.

Similar headphones

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