The Shure AONIC 3 is 26Ω with a sensitivity of 108.0 dB/mW, which is 123.9 dB/V. To reach 100 dB SPL — genuinely loud, louder than most people listen — it needs 0.16 mW, or 64 mV across the drivers.
That puts it in the easy category. A phone, a laptop headphone jack or the cheapest USB dongle will drive it to painful levels. Of the 156 sources in the database, 156 have comfortable headroom. The cheapest portable source that does the job is the Apple USB-C dongle (US) at $9.
Sensitivity here is in dB per milliwatt. Manufacturers often quote dB per volt instead and leave the unit off, which is the single most common reason online calculators give answers that are 10–15 dB wrong. The converter explains the difference.
Shure publishes this directly as 108 dB SPL/mW (at 1 kHz), per milliwatt, so nothing was converted.
Source: pubs.shure.com. How this data was built.
| Level | What it is | Power | Voltage | Current |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85 dB SPL | quiet background listening | 0.01 mW | 11 mV | 0.4 mA |
| 95 dB SPL | normal listening | 0.05 mW | 36 mV | 1.4 mA |
| 100 dB SPL | loud listening | 0.16 mW | 64 mV | 2.5 mA |
| 105 dB SPL | very loud | 0.50 mW | 0.11 V | 4.4 mA |
| 110 dB SPL | peaks on dynamic music | 1.6 mW | 0.20 V | 7.8 mA |
Most people listen between 75 and 85 dB. The 100 dB row is the one worth planning around: it gives you headroom for dynamic peaks without designing your system for a volume that would damage your hearing in under fifteen minutes. The safe listening calculator puts numbers on that.
Every source in the database, judged at 100 dB SPL into 26Ω. “Headroom” is how much power is left over above what the headphone needs — 10 dB means ten times the required power, which is what you want for dynamic peaks.
| Source | Type | Price | Power into 26Ω | Headroom | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wells Audio Milo | desktop amplifier | $1700 | 9.8 W | +48 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Gustard H26 | desktop amplifier | $1099 | 7.9 W | +47 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Lyr+ | desktop amplifier | $449 | 6.7 W | +46 dB | Comfortable |
| Singxer SA-1 | desktop amplifier | $699 | 6.5 W | +46 dB | Comfortable |
| Chord Hugo TT 2 | desktop amplifier | $5000 | 6.5 W | +46 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Topping A30 Pro | desktop amplifier | $249 | 5.5 W | +45 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Midgard | desktop amplifier | $219 | 4.9 W | +45 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Ragnarok 2 | desktop amplifier | $1499 | 4.9 W | +45 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Burson Soloist 3X GT | desktop amplifier | $2799 | 4.2 W | +44 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Benchmark HPA4 | desktop amplifier | $3499 | 4.0 W | +44 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Asgard 3 | desktop amplifier | $279 | 3.8 W | +44 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SMSL SH-9 | desktop amplifier | $289 | 3.7 W | +44 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SMSL HO200 | desktop amplifier | $399 | 3.7 W | +44 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SMSL SP400 | desktop amplifier | $529 | 3.7 W | +44 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SMSL DO400 | desktop DAC/amp | $520 | 3.7 W | +44 dB | Comfortable |
| Violectric V550 Pro | desktop amplifier | $3600 | 3.7 W | +44 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iFi iCAN Pro | desktop amplifier | $600 | 3.2 W | +43 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iFi Pro iCAN Signature | desktop amplifier | $2499 | 3.0 W | +43 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping L50 | desktop amplifier | $229 | 2.9 W | +43 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping L30 II | desktop amplifier | $149 | 2.9 W | +43 dB | Comfortable |
| JDS Labs Element IV | desktop DAC/amp | $549 | 2.6 W | +42 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Magni Unity | desktop amplifier | $119 | 2.6 W | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni Heresy | desktop amplifier | $99 | 2.5 W | +42 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| xDuoo TA-30 | desktop amplifier | $709 | 2.4 W | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin HA-6A | desktop amplifier | $1800 | 2.4 W | +42 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| RME ADI-2 Pro FS R | audio interface | $2199 | 2.4 W | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping A90 Discrete | desktop amplifier | $599 | 2.3 W | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| Violectric V222 | desktop amplifier | $1245 | 2.3 W | +42 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SPL Phonitor xe | desktop amplifier | $3000 | 2.2 W | +41 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| JDS Labs Atom Amp 2 | desktop amplifier | $129 | 2.2 W | +41 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Little Dot MK III SE | desktop amplifier | $540 | 2.0 W | +41 dB | Comfortable |
| Violectric V226 | desktop DAC/amp | $1600 | 1.9 W | +41 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SMSL HO100 | desktop amplifier | $160 | 1.8 W | +41 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Fiio K9 Pro | desktop DAC/amp | $799 | 1.7 W | +40 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Magni+ | desktop amplifier | $109 | 1.6 W | +40 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Jotunheim 2 | desktop amplifier | $399 | 1.6 W | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping A90 | desktop amplifier | $499 | 1.6 W | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Geshelli Archel Pro | desktop amplifier | $200 | 1.5 W | +40 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Topping DX5 | desktop DAC/amp | $449 | 1.5 W | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Headamp GS-X Mini | desktop amplifier | $1795 | 1.5 W | +40 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iFi Zen CAN | desktop amplifier | $199 | 1.3 W | +39 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Geshelli Archel 3S Pro | desktop amplifier | $370 | 1.2 W | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| Grace Design m900 | desktop amplifier | $660 | 1.2 W | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Vali 2+ | desktop amplifier | $149 | 1.2 W | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Questyle CMA Fifteen | desktop DAC/amp | $2499 | 1.2 W | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| Lake People G111 Mk II | desktop amplifier | $629 | 1.2 W | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| RME ADI-2 DAC FS | audio interface | $1399 | 1.1 W | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| Benchmark DAC3 HGC | desktop DAC/amp | $2399 | 1.1 W | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| JDS Labs Element III MK2 | desktop DAC/amp | $449 | 1.1 W | +38 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Lynx Aurora(n) | audio interface | $3499 | 1.1 W | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni Piety | desktop amplifier | $200 | 1.0 W | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| Fiio K7 | desktop DAC/amp | $199 | 991 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SSL 12 | audio interface | $599 | 961 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| Apogee Duet 3 | audio interface | $649 | 961 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| Matrix mini-i Pro 4 | desktop DAC/amp | $1499 | 945 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Matrix element M2 | desktop DAC/amp | $2999 | 945 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Ferrum OOR | desktop amplifier | $1995 | 867 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| xDuoo XD05 Bal | portable amplifier | $499 | 813 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable |
| JDS Labs Atom+ (2nd gen) | desktop amplifier | $99 | 813 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Lake People G103-S Mk II | desktop amplifier | $350 | 813 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Mjolnir 3 | desktop amplifier | $1199 | 813 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SPL Phonitor se | desktop amplifier | $1600 | 813 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SPL Phonitor x | desktop amplifier | $3200 | 813 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Merging Anubis | audio interface | $2790 | 781 mW | +37 dB | Comfortable |
| HiBy R6 Pro II | portable player | $750 | 609 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO Q7 | portable amplifier | $750 | 591 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO M17 | portable player | $1799 | 553 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Fosi Audio K7 | desktop DAC/amp | $199 | 487 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Woo Audio WA6 | desktop amplifier | $1099 | 471 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable |
| Apogee Symphony Desktop | audio interface | $1495 | 451 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable |
| Qudelix T71 | USB dongle | $229 | 406 mW | +34 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Bryston BHA-1 | desktop amplifier | $2395 | 406 mW | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU UltraLite-mk5 | audio interface | $699 | 383 mW | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX180 | portable player | $480 | 323 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX260 | portable player | $949 | 323 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable |
| SSL 2 MkII | audio interface | $229 | 304 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable |
| SSL 2 Plus MkII | audio interface | $299 | 304 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Babyface Pro FS | audio interface | $899 | 304 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable audible hiss, damping |
| FiiO BTR17 | Bluetooth receiver | $199 | 287 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Astell&Kern SP3000 | portable player | $3700 | 276 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| MOTU M2 | audio interface | $219 | 271 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU M4 | audio interface | $279 | 271 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU M6 | audio interface | $499 | 271 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO JM21 | portable player | $199 | 270 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Rupert Neve RNHP | desktop amplifier | $699 | 246 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Questyle M15 | USB dongle | $250 | 244 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Astell&Kern SR35 | portable player | $800 | 244 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Tempotec Sonata BHD Pro | USB dongle | $60 | 228 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Moondrop Moonriver 2 Ti | USB dongle | $190 | 228 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iFi hip-dac 3 | portable amplifier | $199 | 228 mW | +32 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO M11S | portable player | $499 | 222 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Bottlehead Crack (OTL kit) | desktop amplifier | $375 | 221 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO KA11 | USB dongle | $29 | 208 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| FiiO KA15 | USB dongle | $109 | 205 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| ddHiFi TC44 Pro E2 | USB dongle | $99 | 203 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin N3 Ultra | portable player | $649 | 203 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| Apogee BOOM | audio interface | $299 | 195 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Fireface UCX II | audio interface | $1749 | 171 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi Zen DAC 3 | desktop DAC/amp | $229 | 171 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR7 | Bluetooth receiver | $199 | 157 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Fosi Audio SK02 | desktop amplifier | $100 | 154 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| Arturia AudioFuse Rev2 | audio interface | $599 | 152 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO M23 | portable player | $699 | 150 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iFi GO blu | Bluetooth receiver | $219 | 134 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR15 | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 133 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iBasso DC-Elite | USB dongle | $449 | 132 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin RU7 | USB dongle | $269 | 130 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO KA17 | USB dongle | $149 | 127 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| FiiO KA5 | USB dongle | $99 | 123 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Aiyima A2 Pro | desktop DAC/amp | $75 | 122 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| Zoom UAC-232 | audio interface | $399 | 120 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Shanling M3 Ultra | portable player | $479 | 114 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| Arturia MiniFuse 2 | audio interface | $149 | 113 mW | +29 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Hidizs S9 Pro Plus | USB dongle | $139 | 112 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling UA5 | USB dongle | $259 | 111 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO BTR13 | Bluetooth receiver | $59 | 103 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Truthear SHIO | USB dongle | $70 | 102 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Tanchjim Space | USB dongle | $70 | 102 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Moondrop Dawn Pro | USB dongle | $75 | 102 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iBasso DC04 Pro | USB dongle | $119 | 102 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Astell&Kern HC3 | USB dongle | $179 | 102 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Astell&Kern HC4 | USB dongle | $219 | 102 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Qudelix 5K | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 102 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Audient iD24 | audio interface | $599 | 101 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable damping |
| ddHiFi TC44 Pro | USB dongle | $189 | 98 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Audient iD4 MkII | audio interface | $199 | 96 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient iD14 MkII | audio interface | $349 | 96 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Valhalla 2 | desktop amplifier | $349 | 94 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Shanling UP5 | Bluetooth receiver | $179 | 91 mW | +28 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| ART HeadAmp 4 Pro | desktop amplifier | $130 | 87 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable damping |
| PreSonus Quantum ES 2 | audio interface | $199 | 86 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Hidizs S9 Pro | USB dongle | $109 | 81 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Little Dot MK II | desktop amplifier | $176 | 81 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DC03 Pro | USB dongle | $69 | 80 mW | +27 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| PreSonus Studio 68c | audio interface | $299 | 70 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 2 | audio interface | $199 | 68 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 276 | audio interface | $299 | 68 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Steinberg UR44C | audio interface | $349 | 65 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| PreSonus HP4 | desktop amplifier | $150 | 56 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO KA13 | USB dongle | $79 | 54 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Generic CX31993 dongles | USB dongle | $12 | 49 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| EarStudio ES100 MK2 | Bluetooth receiver | $90 | 49 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th gen | audio interface | $279 | 45 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th gen | audio interface | $699 | 45 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Sony NW-WM1AM2 | portable player | $1399 | 37 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Steinberg IXO22 | audio interface | $119 | 26 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th gen | audio interface | $139 | 25 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th gen | audio interface | $199 | 25 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Apple USB-C dongle (US) | USB dongle | $9 | 24 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| JadeAudio JA11 | USB dongle | $20 | 24 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| PreSonus Studio 24c | audio interface | $149 | 22 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| Sony NW-A306 | portable player | $350 | 22 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Audient EVO 4 | audio interface | $129 | 19 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Audient EVO 8 | audio interface | $249 | 19 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Apple USB-C dongle (EU) | USB dongle | $9 | 12 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Steinberg UR22C | audio interface | $199 | 9.7 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
Hiss. At 123.9 dB/V these are sensitive enough to reveal a source's own noise floor. The noisiest source in the database, the Schiit Vali 2+, would put its hiss at roughly 32 dB SPL in these headphones — clearly audible in quiet passages. The hiss calculator lets you check your own amplifier's noise figure.
Output impedance. At 26Ω these want a source output impedance below 3.25Ω to satisfy the one-eighth rule. 16 of the 156 sources here miss it, the worst being the Bottlehead Crack (OTL kit) at 120.0Ω. Above that threshold the source starts shaping the frequency response. Check yours here.
27Ω · 116.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →22Ω · 109.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →34Ω · 100.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →26Ω · 108.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →32Ω · 109.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →32Ω · 109.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →Or open the comparison tool to put any two models side by side, or browse all 402.