The Shure AONIC 5 is 36Ω with a sensitivity of 119.0 dB/mW, which is 133.4 dB/V. To reach 100 dB SPL — genuinely loud, louder than most people listen — it needs 0.01 mW, or 21 mV across the drivers.
That puts it in the easy category. A phone, a laptop headphone jack or the cheapest USB dongle will drive it to painful levels. Of the 156 sources in the database, 156 have comfortable headroom. The cheapest portable source that does the job is the Apple USB-C dongle (US) at $9.
Sensitivity here is in dB per milliwatt. Manufacturers often quote dB per volt instead and leave the unit off, which is the single most common reason online calculators give answers that are 10–15 dB wrong. The converter explains the difference.
Shure publishes this directly as 119 dB SPL/mW (at 1 kHz), per milliwatt, so nothing was converted.
Source: pubs.shure.com. How this data was built.
| Level | What it is | Power | Voltage | Current |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85 dB SPL | quiet background listening | 0.00 mW | 4 mV | 0.1 mA |
| 95 dB SPL | normal listening | 0.00 mW | 12 mV | 0.3 mA |
| 100 dB SPL | loud listening | 0.01 mW | 21 mV | 0.6 mA |
| 105 dB SPL | very loud | 0.04 mW | 38 mV | 1.1 mA |
| 110 dB SPL | peaks on dynamic music | 0.13 mW | 67 mV | 1.9 mA |
Most people listen between 75 and 85 dB. The 100 dB row is the one worth planning around: it gives you headroom for dynamic peaks without designing your system for a volume that would damage your hearing in under fifteen minutes. The safe listening calculator puts numbers on that.
Every source in the database, judged at 100 dB SPL into 36Ω. “Headroom” is how much power is left over above what the headphone needs — 10 dB means ten times the required power, which is what you want for dynamic peaks.
| Source | Type | Price | Power into 36Ω | Headroom | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wells Audio Milo | desktop amplifier | $1700 | 11.2 W | +60 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Gustard H26 | desktop amplifier | $1099 | 8.6 W | +58 dB | Comfortable |
| Chord Hugo TT 2 | desktop amplifier | $5000 | 7.4 W | +58 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Lyr+ | desktop amplifier | $449 | 5.4 W | +56 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Ragnarok 2 | desktop amplifier | $1499 | 5.3 W | +56 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Violectric V550 Pro | desktop amplifier | $3600 | 5.1 W | +56 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Singxer SA-1 | desktop amplifier | $699 | 5.0 W | +56 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Topping A30 Pro | desktop amplifier | $249 | 4.9 W | +56 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Midgard | desktop amplifier | $219 | 4.3 W | +55 dB | Comfortable |
| Burson Soloist 3X GT | desktop amplifier | $2799 | 3.6 W | +55 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iFi iCAN Pro | desktop amplifier | $600 | 3.6 W | +55 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Asgard 3 | desktop amplifier | $279 | 3.2 W | +54 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Benchmark HPA4 | desktop amplifier | $3499 | 3.1 W | +54 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Violectric V222 | desktop amplifier | $1245 | 2.8 W | +54 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| JDS Labs Element IV | desktop DAC/amp | $549 | 2.8 W | +54 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Cayin HA-6A | desktop amplifier | $1800 | 2.8 W | +53 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SMSL DO400 | desktop DAC/amp | $520 | 2.7 W | +53 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL SH-9 | desktop amplifier | $289 | 2.7 W | +53 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SMSL SP400 | desktop amplifier | $529 | 2.7 W | +53 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SMSL HO200 | desktop amplifier | $399 | 2.7 W | +53 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| xDuoo TA-30 | desktop amplifier | $709 | 2.7 W | +53 dB | Comfortable |
| SPL Phonitor xe | desktop amplifier | $3000 | 2.7 W | +53 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| RME ADI-2 Pro FS R | audio interface | $2199 | 2.6 W | +53 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping L50 | desktop amplifier | $229 | 2.6 W | +53 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping L30 II | desktop amplifier | $149 | 2.5 W | +53 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| JDS Labs Atom Amp 2 | desktop amplifier | $129 | 2.4 W | +53 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Little Dot MK III SE | desktop amplifier | $540 | 2.4 W | +53 dB | Comfortable |
| Violectric V226 | desktop DAC/amp | $1600 | 2.3 W | +53 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Magni Unity | desktop amplifier | $119 | 2.2 W | +52 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni Heresy | desktop amplifier | $99 | 2.2 W | +52 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iFi Pro iCAN Signature | desktop amplifier | $2499 | 2.1 W | +52 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping A90 Discrete | desktop amplifier | $599 | 1.8 W | +52 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni+ | desktop amplifier | $109 | 1.8 W | +52 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Fiio K9 Pro | desktop DAC/amp | $799 | 1.8 W | +52 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Topping A90 | desktop amplifier | $499 | 1.8 W | +51 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Jotunheim 2 | desktop amplifier | $399 | 1.8 W | +51 dB | Comfortable |
| Geshelli Archel Pro | desktop amplifier | $200 | 1.6 W | +51 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Topping DX5 | desktop DAC/amp | $449 | 1.6 W | +51 dB | Comfortable |
| Lake People G111 Mk II | desktop amplifier | $629 | 1.5 W | +51 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iFi Zen CAN | desktop amplifier | $199 | 1.4 W | +51 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Vali 2+ | desktop amplifier | $149 | 1.3 W | +50 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SMSL HO100 | desktop amplifier | $160 | 1.3 W | +50 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Questyle CMA Fifteen | desktop DAC/amp | $2499 | 1.3 W | +50 dB | Comfortable |
| Ferrum OOR | desktop amplifier | $1995 | 1.2 W | +50 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| JDS Labs Element III MK2 | desktop DAC/amp | $449 | 1.2 W | +50 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Headamp GS-X Mini | desktop amplifier | $1795 | 1.2 W | +50 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Lynx Aurora(n) | audio interface | $3499 | 1.2 W | +50 dB | Comfortable |
| Matrix element M2 | desktop DAC/amp | $2999 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Matrix mini-i Pro 4 | desktop DAC/amp | $1499 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Fiio K7 | desktop DAC/amp | $199 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SPL Phonitor se | desktop amplifier | $1600 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SPL Phonitor x | desktop amplifier | $3200 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| RME ADI-2 DAC FS | audio interface | $1399 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable |
| Lake People G103-S Mk II | desktop amplifier | $350 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SSL 12 | audio interface | $599 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable |
| Apogee Duet 3 | audio interface | $649 | 1.1 W | +49 dB | Comfortable |
| Benchmark DAC3 HGC | desktop DAC/amp | $2399 | 1.0 W | +49 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni Piety | desktop amplifier | $200 | 936 mW | +49 dB | Comfortable |
| JDS Labs Atom+ (2nd gen) | desktop amplifier | $99 | 925 mW | +49 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Mjolnir 3 | desktop amplifier | $1199 | 920 mW | +49 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Grace Design m900 | desktop amplifier | $660 | 915 mW | +49 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| xDuoo XD05 Bal | portable amplifier | $499 | 889 mW | +48 dB | Comfortable |
| Geshelli Archel 3S Pro | desktop amplifier | $370 | 889 mW | +48 dB | Comfortable |
| Merging Anubis | audio interface | $2790 | 855 mW | +48 dB | Comfortable |
| HiBy R6 Pro II | portable player | $750 | 681 mW | +47 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Woo Audio WA6 | desktop amplifier | $1099 | 566 mW | +47 dB | Comfortable |
| Fosi Audio K7 | desktop DAC/amp | $199 | 533 mW | +46 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO Q7 | portable amplifier | $750 | 490 mW | +46 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Bryston BHA-1 | desktop amplifier | $2395 | 470 mW | +46 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO M17 | portable player | $1799 | 446 mW | +45 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Qudelix T71 | USB dongle | $229 | 444 mW | +45 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Apogee Symphony Desktop | audio interface | $1495 | 441 mW | +45 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU UltraLite-mk5 | audio interface | $699 | 419 mW | +45 dB | Comfortable |
| SSL 2 MkII | audio interface | $229 | 333 mW | +44 dB | Comfortable |
| SSL 2 Plus MkII | audio interface | $299 | 333 mW | +44 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Babyface Pro FS | audio interface | $899 | 333 mW | +44 dB | Comfortable audible hiss, damping |
| Astell&Kern SP3000 | portable player | $3700 | 302 mW | +44 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| MOTU M2 | audio interface | $219 | 296 mW | +44 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU M4 | audio interface | $279 | 296 mW | +44 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU M6 | audio interface | $499 | 296 mW | +44 dB | Comfortable |
| Rupert Neve RNHP | desktop amplifier | $699 | 274 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Questyle M15 | USB dongle | $250 | 272 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Bottlehead Crack (OTL kit) | desktop amplifier | $375 | 269 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Astell&Kern SR35 | portable player | $800 | 267 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Moondrop Moonriver 2 Ti | USB dongle | $190 | 251 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Tempotec Sonata BHD Pro | USB dongle | $60 | 249 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO BTR17 | Bluetooth receiver | $199 | 249 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iFi hip-dac 3 | portable amplifier | $199 | 249 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX180 | portable player | $480 | 233 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX260 | portable player | $949 | 233 mW | +43 dB | Comfortable |
| ddHiFi TC44 Pro E2 | USB dongle | $99 | 222 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin N3 Ultra | portable player | $649 | 222 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO JM21 | portable player | $199 | 218 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Apogee BOOM | audio interface | $299 | 213 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Fireface UCX II | audio interface | $1749 | 187 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi Zen DAC 3 | desktop DAC/amp | $229 | 187 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO KA11 | USB dongle | $29 | 178 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO M11S | portable player | $499 | 178 mW | +42 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Fosi Audio SK02 | desktop amplifier | $100 | 169 mW | +41 dB | Comfortable |
| Arturia AudioFuse Rev2 | audio interface | $599 | 167 mW | +41 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO KA15 | USB dongle | $109 | 160 mW | +41 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iFi GO blu | Bluetooth receiver | $219 | 147 mW | +41 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DC-Elite | USB dongle | $449 | 144 mW | +41 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin RU7 | USB dongle | $269 | 142 mW | +41 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR7 | Bluetooth receiver | $199 | 142 mW | +41 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Zoom UAC-232 | audio interface | $399 | 136 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Aiyima A2 Pro | desktop DAC/amp | $75 | 133 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Valhalla 2 | desktop amplifier | $349 | 130 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Arturia MiniFuse 2 | audio interface | $149 | 127 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO KA17 | USB dongle | $149 | 125 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Shanling M3 Ultra | portable player | $479 | 124 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Hidizs S9 Pro Plus | USB dongle | $139 | 123 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling UA5 | USB dongle | $259 | 122 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Audient iD24 | audio interface | $599 | 121 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Audient iD4 MkII | audio interface | $199 | 115 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient iD14 MkII | audio interface | $349 | 115 mW | +40 dB | Comfortable |
| Truthear SHIO | USB dongle | $70 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Tanchjim Space | USB dongle | $70 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Moondrop Dawn Pro | USB dongle | $75 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iBasso DC04 Pro | USB dongle | $119 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Astell&Kern HC3 | USB dongle | $179 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| Astell&Kern HC4 | USB dongle | $219 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| Qudelix 5K | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO BTR15 | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO M23 | portable player | $699 | 111 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO KA5 | USB dongle | $99 | 109 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| ddHiFi TC44 Pro | USB dongle | $189 | 107 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Little Dot MK II | desktop amplifier | $176 | 103 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling UP5 | Bluetooth receiver | $179 | 100 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| PreSonus Studio 68c | audio interface | $299 | 96 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| ART HeadAmp 4 Pro | desktop amplifier | $130 | 96 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable damping |
| PreSonus Quantum ES 2 | audio interface | $199 | 94 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| Steinberg UR44C | audio interface | $349 | 90 mW | +39 dB | Comfortable |
| Hidizs S9 Pro | USB dongle | $109 | 89 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| FiiO BTR13 | Bluetooth receiver | $59 | 89 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| iBasso DC03 Pro | USB dongle | $69 | 87 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| PreSonus HP4 | desktop amplifier | $150 | 78 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 2 | audio interface | $199 | 76 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 276 | audio interface | $299 | 76 mW | +38 dB | Comfortable |
| EarStudio ES100 MK2 | Bluetooth receiver | $90 | 54 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Generic CX31993 dongles | USB dongle | $12 | 54 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th gen | audio interface | $279 | 54 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th gen | audio interface | $699 | 54 mW | +36 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO KA13 | USB dongle | $79 | 44 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Steinberg IXO22 | audio interface | $119 | 36 mW | +35 dB | Comfortable |
| Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th gen | audio interface | $139 | 30 mW | +34 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th gen | audio interface | $199 | 30 mW | +34 dB | Comfortable damping |
| PreSonus Studio 24c | audio interface | $149 | 30 mW | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| Apple USB-C dongle (US) | USB dongle | $9 | 27 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| JadeAudio JA11 | USB dongle | $20 | 27 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Sony NW-WM1AM2 | portable player | $1399 | 27 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Audient EVO 4 | audio interface | $129 | 23 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Audient EVO 8 | audio interface | $249 | 23 mW | +33 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Sony NW-A306 | portable player | $350 | 16 mW | +31 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Steinberg UR22C | audio interface | $199 | 14 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| Apple USB-C dongle (EU) | USB dongle | $9 | 13 mW | +30 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
Hiss. At 133.4 dB/V these are sensitive enough to reveal a source's own noise floor. The noisiest source in the database, the Schiit Vali 2+, would put its hiss at roughly 41 dB SPL in these headphones — clearly audible in quiet passages. The hiss calculator lets you check your own amplifier's noise figure.
Output impedance. At 36Ω these want a source output impedance below 4.50Ω to satisfy the one-eighth rule. 16 of the 156 sources here miss it, the worst being the Bottlehead Crack (OTL kit) at 120.0Ω. Above that threshold the source starts shaping the frequency response. Check yours here.
36Ω · 119.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →34Ω · 100.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →38Ω · 107.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →10Ω · 114.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →6.375Ω · 110.6 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →28Ω · 114.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →Or open the comparison tool to put any two models side by side, or browse all 402.