Tin HiFi C5: how much amplifier do you need?

The Tin HiFi C5 is 9Ω with a sensitivity of 98.5 dB/mW, which is 119.0 dB/V. To reach 100 dB SPL — genuinely loud, louder than most people listen — it needs 1.4 mW, or 0.11 V across the drivers.

That puts it in the easy category. A phone, a laptop headphone jack or the cheapest USB dongle will drive it to painful levels. Of the 280 sources in the database, 258 have at least 10 dB of headroom and another 22 have enough. The cheapest portable source that does the job is the Apple USB-C dongle (US) at $9.

The two numbers that decide everything

Impedance9 Ω
Sensitivity98.5 dB/mW
Sensitivity (voltage)119.0 dB/V
Power for 100 dB SPL1.4 mW
Voltage for 100 dB SPL0.11 V
TypeIn-ear monitor
Easy to drive — anything will do it
All 280 sources at 100 dB SPL into 9Ω
Comfortable 258Enough 22Marginal 0Not enough 0
Cheapest portable source that does it
$9 · USB dongle · +8 dB headroom
Cheapest desktop amp with 10 dB to spare
$75 · desktop DAC/amp · +15 dB headroom

Sensitivity here is in dB per milliwatt. Why the unit matters.

Where this sensitivity figure comes from

Tin HiFi does something unusual: it publishes 101 dB at @1kHz, 0.126V drive; ±3dB, an SPL at one specific drive voltage rather than per milliwatt or per volt. That is convertible — at 9Ω that voltage works out to a known power — and the 98.5 dB/mW above is the result. It is a real figure, just stated in a way nothing else in this database uses.

Tin HiFi prints the impedance as 9Ω ±15%, not as a bare number. Everything on this page is calculated with the nominal 9Ω, and the rest of that line is quoted here rather than tidied away, because how a figure is qualified is part of the specification too.

Source: tinhifi.com. How this data was built.

What is printed there, and what it is worth

Tin HiFi prints no frequency range for the Tin HiFi C5 at all. Source: tinhifi.com.

Only what the maker printed; maker by maker.

Power, voltage and current by listening level

LevelWhat it isPowerVoltageCurrent
85 dB SPLquiet background listening0.04 mW20 mV2.2 mA
95 dB SPLnormal listening0.45 mW63 mV7.0 mA
100 dB SPLloud listening1.4 mW0.11 V12.5 mA
105 dB SPLvery loud4.5 mW0.20 V22.3 mA
110 dB SPLpeaks on dynamic music14 mW0.36 V39.6 mA

Most people listen between 75 and 85 dB; the 100 dB row leaves room for peaks.

The cheapest sources that drive them with room to spare

The 15 cheapest of the 280 sources here that reach 100 dB SPL into 9Ω with at least 10 dB of headroom and no known hiss or output-impedance problem with these headphones. All 280 sources, judged for these headphones.

SourceTypePricePower into 9ΩHeadroomVerdict
FiiO SnowSky Tiny AUSB dongle$2225 mW+13 dBComfortable
FiiO SnowSky Tiny BUSB dongle$2238 mW+14 dBComfortable
Tanchjim Stargate IIUSB dongle$4046 mW+15 dBComfortable
ddHiFi TC35ALUSB dongle$4659 mW+16 dBComfortable
ddHiFi TC35AirUSB dongle$4659 mW+16 dBComfortable
Fosi Audio N3Bluetooth receiver$5039 mW+14 dBComfortable
Hidizs SD2USB dongle$5020 mW+11 dBComfortable
FiiO BTR13Bluetooth receiver$5967 mW+17 dBComfortable
iFi GO linkUSB dongle$5920 mW+11 dBComfortable
Kiwi Ears Allegro ProUSB dongle$6019 mW+11 dBComfortable
ddHiFi TC35Pro (Mountain2)USB dongle$6618 mW+11 dBComfortable
iBasso DC03 ProUSB dongle$6928 mW+13 dBComfortable
DUNU DTC 480USB dongle$7018 mW+11 dBComfortable
EPZ TP35 ProUSB dongle$7032 mW+13 dBComfortable
Tanchjim SpaceUSB dongle$7035 mW+14 dBComfortable

The three ways a source goes wrong

Hiss. At 119.0 dB/V these are sensitive enough to reveal a source's own noise floor. The noisiest source in the database, the Schiit Mjolnir 3, would put its hiss at roughly 27 dB SPL in these headphones — clearly audible in quiet passages. Check your own source.

Output impedance. At 9Ω these want a source output impedance below 1.12Ω to satisfy the one-eighth rule; 49 of the 192 sources that publish one miss it. Check yours here.

Similar headphones

Compared with its stablemates: vs T2 Plus · vs T3 Plus · vs T4 Plus.

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