The Fostex T60RPmk2 is 28Ω with a sensitivity of 96.0 dB/mW, which is 111.5 dB/V. To reach 100 dB SPL — genuinely loud, louder than most people listen — it needs 2.5 mW, or 0.27 V across the drivers.
That puts it in the easy category. A phone, a laptop headphone jack or the cheapest USB dongle will drive it to painful levels. Of the 280 sources in the database, 280 have comfortable headroom. The cheapest portable source that does the job is the Apple USB-C dongle (US) at $9.
Sensitivity here is in dB per milliwatt. Manufacturers often quote dB per volt instead and leave the unit off, which is the single most common reason online calculators give answers that are 10–15 dB wrong. The converter explains the difference.
Fostex publishes this directly as 96 dB/mW, per milliwatt, so nothing was converted.
The maker adds a power recommendation of its own: 最大入力 (max. input): 3,000 mW
Source: fostex.jp. How this data was built.
| Level | What it is | Power | Voltage | Current |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85 dB SPL | quiet background listening | 0.08 mW | 47 mV | 1.7 mA |
| 95 dB SPL | normal listening | 0.79 mW | 0.15 V | 5.3 mA |
| 100 dB SPL | loud listening | 2.5 mW | 0.27 V | 9.5 mA |
| 105 dB SPL | very loud | 7.9 mW | 0.47 V | 16.8 mA |
| 110 dB SPL | peaks on dynamic music | 25 mW | 0.84 V | 30.0 mA |
Most people listen between 75 and 85 dB. The 100 dB row is the one worth planning around: it gives you headroom for dynamic peaks without designing your system for a volume that would damage your hearing in under fifteen minutes. The safe listening calculator puts numbers on that.
Every source in the database, judged at 100 dB SPL into 28Ω. “Headroom” is how much power is left over above what the headphone needs — 10 dB means ten times the required power, which is what you want for dynamic peaks.
| Source | Type | Price | Power into 28Ω | Headroom | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gustard H20 | desktop amplifier | $929 | 10.5 W | +36 dB | Comfortable |
| Wells Audio Milo | desktop amplifier | $1700 | 10.5 W | +36 dB | Comfortable |
| Gustard H26 | desktop amplifier | $1099 | 8.5 W | +35 dB | Comfortable |
| HeadAmp GS-X mk2 | desktop amplifier | $2995 | 7.5 W | +35 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Lyr+ | desktop amplifier | $449 | 6.4 W | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Lyr 5 | desktop amplifier | $799 | 6.4 W | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL SH-X | desktop amplifier | $699 | 6.4 W | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| Singxer SA-1 | desktop amplifier | $699 | 6.1 W | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL H300 | desktop amplifier | $296 | 5.7 W | +34 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping A30 Pro | desktop amplifier | $249 | 5.5 W | +33 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Ragnarok 2 | desktop amplifier | $1499 | 5.2 W | +33 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Midgard | desktop amplifier | $219 | 4.8 W | +33 dB | Comfortable |
| Burson Soloist 3X GT | desktop amplifier | $2799 | 4.1 W | +32 dB | Comfortable |
| Violectric V550 Pro | desktop amplifier | $3600 | 4.0 W | +32 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Benchmark HPA4 | desktop amplifier | $3499 | 3.7 W | +32 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Asgard 3 | desktop amplifier | $279 | 3.7 W | +32 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi iCAN Pro | desktop amplifier | $600 | 3.5 W | +31 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SMSL SH-9 | desktop amplifier | $289 | 3.4 W | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL HO200 | desktop amplifier | $399 | 3.4 W | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL SP400 | desktop amplifier | $529 | 3.4 W | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL DO400 | desktop DAC/amp | $520 | 3.4 W | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping L50 | desktop amplifier | $229 | 2.9 W | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL H400 MK2 | desktop amplifier | $539 | 2.9 W | +31 dB | Comfortable |
| JDS Labs Element IV | desktop DAC/amp | $549 | 2.8 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping L30 II | desktop amplifier | $149 | 2.8 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi Pro iCAN Signature | desktop amplifier | $2499 | 2.7 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| xDuoo TA-30 | desktop amplifier | $709 | 2.6 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin HA-6A | desktop amplifier | $1800 | 2.6 W | +30 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Holo Audio Bliss KTE | desktop amplifier | $3798 | 2.6 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| xDuoo XA-10 | desktop DAC/amp | $449 | 2.6 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| RME ADI-2 Pro FS R | audio interface | $2199 | 2.6 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni Unity | desktop amplifier | $119 | 2.5 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO K19 | desktop DAC/amp | $1430 | 2.5 W | +30 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Magni Heresy | desktop amplifier | $99 | 2.4 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| Violectric V222 | desktop amplifier | $1245 | 2.4 W | +30 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SPL Phonitor xe | desktop amplifier | $3000 | 2.4 W | +30 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| JDS Labs Atom Amp 2 | desktop amplifier | $129 | 2.3 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL VMV P2 MK2 | desktop amplifier | $1160 | 2.3 W | +30 dB | Comfortable |
| Little Dot MK III SE | desktop amplifier | $540 | 2.2 W | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping A90 Discrete | desktop amplifier | $599 | 2.2 W | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| Chord Hugo TT 2 | desktop DAC/amp | $5695 | 2.1 W | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL H200 | desktop amplifier | $399 | 2.1 W | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| Violectric V226 | desktop DAC/amp | $1600 | 2.0 W | +29 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| FiiO M27 | portable player | $1799 | 1.9 W | +29 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| RME ADI-2 Pro EX | audio interface | $2499 | 1.9 W | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO K17 | desktop DAC/amp | $990 | 1.8 W | +29 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Aune S17 Pro EVO | desktop amplifier | $799 | 1.8 W | +29 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO K9 Pro | desktop DAC/amp | $799 | 1.8 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni+ | desktop amplifier | $109 | 1.8 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| xDuoo MT-604 | desktop amplifier | $169 | 1.8 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Jotunheim 2 | desktop amplifier | $399 | 1.8 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping A90 | desktop amplifier | $499 | 1.8 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL HO100 | desktop amplifier | $160 | 1.7 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| RME ADI-2/4 Pro SE | desktop DAC/amp | $2499 | 1.7 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Geshelli Archel Pro | desktop amplifier | $200 | 1.6 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| Topping DX5 | desktop DAC/amp | $449 | 1.6 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| HiFiMAN EF600 | desktop DAC/amp | $799 | 1.6 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| SMSL C200 | desktop DAC/amp | $219 | 1.5 W | +28 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi Zen CAN | desktop amplifier | $199 | 1.4 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Headamp GS-X Mini | desktop amplifier | $1795 | 1.4 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Vali 2+ | desktop amplifier | $149 | 1.3 W | +27 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| Schiit Vali 3 | desktop amplifier | $149 | 1.3 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Questyle CMA18 Master | desktop DAC/amp | $1999 | 1.3 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Questyle CMA Fifteen | desktop DAC/amp | $2499 | 1.3 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Lake People G111 Mk II | desktop amplifier | $629 | 1.2 W | +27 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Benchmark DAC3 HGC | desktop DAC/amp | $2399 | 1.2 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| HiFiMAN EF500 | desktop DAC/amp | $459 | 1.2 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Grace Design m900 | desktop amplifier | $660 | 1.1 W | +27 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Geshelli Archel 3S Pro | desktop amplifier | $370 | 1.1 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| JDS Labs Element III MK2 | desktop DAC/amp | $449 | 1.1 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| Lynx Aurora(n) | audio interface | $3499 | 1.1 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| RME ADI-2 DAC FS | audio interface | $1399 | 1.1 W | +27 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO K7 | desktop DAC/amp | $199 | 1.1 W | +26 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SSL 12 | audio interface | $599 | 1.0 W | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Apogee Duet 3 | audio interface | $649 | 1.0 W | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Magni Piety | desktop amplifier | $200 | 1.0 W | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Matrix mini-i Pro 4 | desktop DAC/amp | $1499 | 1.0 W | +26 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Matrix element M2 | desktop DAC/amp | $2999 | 1.0 W | +26 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Audient Horizon 8P | audio interface | $3500 | 961 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Ferrum ERCO | desktop DAC/amp | $2050 | 952 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Ferrum OOR | desktop amplifier | $1995 | 933 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient ORIA | audio interface | $3500 | 931 mW | +26 dB | Comfortable damping |
| xDuoo XD05 Bal | portable amplifier | $499 | 875 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable |
| JDS Labs Atom+ (2nd gen) | desktop amplifier | $99 | 875 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable |
| Lake People G103-S Mk II | desktop amplifier | $350 | 875 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Mjolnir 3 | desktop amplifier | $1199 | 875 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable audible hiss |
| SPL Phonitor se | desktop amplifier | $1600 | 875 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| SPL Phonitor x | desktop amplifier | $3200 | 875 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Naim Uniti Atom Headphone Edition | desktop DAC/amp | $3799 | 857 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable |
| Merging Anubis | audio interface | $2790 | 841 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable |
| Chord Hugo 2 | portable amplifier | $2595 | 736 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable |
| TempoTec Variations V3 Blaze | portable player | $179 | 722 mW | +25 dB | Comfortable |
| HiBy R6 Pro II | portable player | $750 | 656 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Schiit Valhalla 3 | desktop amplifier | $499 | 656 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO Q15 | portable amplifier | $440 | 636 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Shanling H2 | portable amplifier | $169 | 595 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO Q7 | portable amplifier | $750 | 575 mW | +24 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| FiiO M15S | portable player | $799 | 561 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Chord Mojo 2 | portable amplifier | $650 | 560 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Shanling UP6 | Bluetooth receiver | $199 | 548 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO K11 | desktop DAC/amp | $143 | 545 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| FiiO M17 | portable player | $1799 | 532 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Fosi Audio K7 | desktop DAC/amp | $199 | 525 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable |
| Woo Audio WA6 | desktop amplifier | $1099 | 507 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient iD48 | audio interface | $1300 | 495 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO K11 R2R | desktop DAC/amp | $176 | 486 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Apogee Symphony Desktop | audio interface | $1495 | 485 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX340 | portable player | $1699 | 481 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO M33 R2R | portable player | $730 | 474 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Shanling M9 Plus | portable player | $2959 | 455 mW | +23 dB | Comfortable |
| Qudelix T71 | USB dongle | $229 | 438 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| Bryston BHA-1 | desktop amplifier | $2395 | 438 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| McIntosh MHA200 | desktop amplifier | $3000 | 438 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU UltraLite-mk5 | audio interface | $699 | 412 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO M21 | portable player | $599 | 411 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling H7 | portable amplifier | $829 | 394 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX270 | portable player | $1149 | 364 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| Soncoz SGA1 | desktop amplifier | $600 | 356 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling M7 | portable player | $1249 | 355 mW | +22 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX320 | portable player | $1599 | 332 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| SSL 2 MkII | audio interface | $229 | 327 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| SSL 2 Plus MkII | audio interface | $299 | 327 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Babyface Pro FS | audio interface | $899 | 327 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable faint hiss, damping |
| iBasso DX180 | portable player | $480 | 300 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX260 | portable player | $949 | 300 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DX260 MK2 | portable player | $949 | 300 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| Astell&Kern SP3000 | portable player | $3700 | 298 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| MOTU M2 | audio interface | $219 | 292 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU M4 | audio interface | $279 | 292 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| MOTU M6 | audio interface | $499 | 292 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| TempoTec Variations V6 | portable player | $369 | 289 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR17 | Bluetooth receiver | $199 | 284 mW | +21 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| iFi xDSD Gryphon | portable amplifier | $599 | 280 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| Aune X1s GT | desktop DAC/amp | $319 | 280 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| Astell&Kern SR35 | portable player | $800 | 263 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Questyle M15 | USB dongle | $250 | 262 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Lotoo PAW 6000 | portable player | $1200 | 262 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| Cambridge Audio DacMagic 200M | desktop DAC/amp | $399 | 262 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO JM21 | portable player | $199 | 260 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| Tanchjim LUNA | USB dongle | $140 | 257 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| Rupert Neve RNHP | desktop amplifier | $699 | 251 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Tempotec Sonata BHD Pro | USB dongle | $60 | 245 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Moondrop Moonriver 2 Ti | USB dongle | $190 | 245 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi hip-dac 3 | portable amplifier | $199 | 245 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable |
| Bottlehead Crack (OTL kit) | desktop amplifier | $375 | 237 mW | +20 dB | Comfortable damping |
| ddHiFi TC44 Pro E2 | USB dongle | $99 | 219 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin N3 Ultra | portable player | $649 | 219 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin N7 | portable player | $1999 | 219 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO M11S | portable player | $499 | 214 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling M6 Ultra | portable player | $919 | 210 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| Apogee BOOM | audio interface | $299 | 210 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO KA11 | USB dongle | $29 | 204 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| Luxury & Precision P6 Pro | portable player | $3899 | 201 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling H5 | portable player | $369 | 199 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable damping |
| HiBy R8 II | portable player | $1999 | 197 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Universal Audio Volt 876 | audio interface | $999 | 197 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient iD44 MkII | audio interface | $809 | 196 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO KA15 | USB dongle | $109 | 195 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| ddHiFi TC35Air | USB dongle | $46 | 184 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| ddHiFi TC35AL | USB dongle | $46 | 184 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Fireface UCX II | audio interface | $1749 | 184 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi Zen DAC 3 | desktop DAC/amp | $229 | 184 mW | +19 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Fireface UFX II | audio interface | $2799 | 175 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| RME Fireface UFX III | audio interface | $3199 | 175 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling M1 Plus | portable player | $209 | 171 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| Fosi Audio SK02 | desktop amplifier | $100 | 166 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| Arturia AudioFuse Rev2 | audio interface | $599 | 164 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Onix Alpha XI1 | USB dongle | $109 | 158 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR7 | Bluetooth receiver | $199 | 158 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| HiBy RS6 | portable player | $999 | 158 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi GO blu | Bluetooth receiver | $219 | 144 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DC-Elite | USB dongle | $449 | 142 mW | +18 dB | Comfortable |
| THX Onyx | USB dongle | $200 | 141 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO M23 | portable player | $699 | 141 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin RU7 | USB dongle | $269 | 140 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Cayin RU9 | USB dongle | $499 | 140 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| M-Audio AIR 192|14 | audio interface | $329 | 140 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO KA17 | USB dongle | $149 | 132 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Aiyima A2 Pro | desktop DAC/amp | $75 | 131 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| WiiM Ultra | desktop DAC/amp | $349 | 131 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR15 | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 130 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Zoom UAC-232 | audio interface | $399 | 129 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable damping |
| FiiO KA3 | USB dongle | $79 | 126 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling M3 Ultra | portable player | $479 | 123 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO KA5 | USB dongle | $99 | 122 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Arturia MiniFuse 2 | audio interface | $149 | 122 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Arturia MiniFuse 1 | audio interface | $149 | 122 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Arturia MiniFuse 4 | audio interface | $299 | 122 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Hidizs S9 Pro Plus | USB dongle | $139 | 121 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Fosi Audio N3 | Bluetooth receiver | $50 | 121 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling UA5 | USB dongle | $259 | 120 mW | +17 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Truthear SHIO | USB dongle | $70 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Tanchjim Space | USB dongle | $70 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Moondrop Dawn Pro | USB dongle | $75 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DC04 Pro | USB dongle | $119 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Astell&Kern HC3 | USB dongle | $179 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Astell&Kern HC4 | USB dongle | $219 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Qudelix 5K | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Surfans F28 | portable player | $180 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient iD24 | audio interface | $599 | 109 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable damping |
| EPZ TP50 | USB dongle | $210 | 106 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| ddHiFi TC44 Pro | USB dongle | $189 | 105 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient iD4 MkII | audio interface | $199 | 104 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient iD14 MkII | audio interface | $349 | 104 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DC07 Pro | USB dongle | $199 | 103 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR13 | Bluetooth receiver | $59 | 102 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| IK Multimedia AXE I/O | audio interface | $400 | 101 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Schiit Valhalla 2 | desktop amplifier | $349 | 101 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable damping |
| EPZ TP35 Pro | USB dongle | $70 | 98 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Shanling UP5 | Bluetooth receiver | $179 | 98 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Moondrop DISCDREAM2 ULTRA | portable player | $350 | 98 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| HiBy FC4 | USB dongle | $99 | 96 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Luxury & Precision W4 | USB dongle | $449 | 96 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| ART HeadAmp 4 Pro | desktop amplifier | $130 | 93 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable damping |
| PreSonus Quantum ES 2 | audio interface | $199 | 92 mW | +16 dB | Comfortable |
| Hidizs S9 Pro | USB dongle | $109 | 88 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Little Dot MK II | desktop amplifier | $176 | 88 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Loxjie A30 | desktop DAC/amp | $170 | 88 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| iBasso DC03 Pro | USB dongle | $69 | 86 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| EarMen Colibri | USB dongle | $299 | 86 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient NERO | audio interface | $720 | 84 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR5 2021 | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 80 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Audient EVO 16 | audio interface | $750 | 80 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable damping |
| PreSonus Studio 68c | audio interface | $299 | 75 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Tanchjim Stargate II | USB dongle | $40 | 75 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 1 | audio interface | $149 | 74 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 2 | audio interface | $199 | 74 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 276 | audio interface | $299 | 74 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| Universal Audio Volt 476P | audio interface | $589 | 74 mW | +15 dB | Comfortable |
| ddHiFi TC44Grip | USB dongle | $160 | 70 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| HiBy W5 | Bluetooth receiver | $109 | 70 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| Steinberg UR24C | audio interface | $194 | 70 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| Steinberg UR44C | audio interface | $349 | 70 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| Roland BRIDGE CAST | audio interface | $340 | 68 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Creative Sound Blaster X5 | desktop DAC/amp | $285 | 62 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| Hidizs SD2 | USB dongle | $50 | 61 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| iFi GO link | USB dongle | $59 | 61 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| Hidizs AP80 Pro Max | portable player | $179 | 61 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| Hidizs AP80 Pro-X | portable player | $189 | 61 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| PreSonus HP4 | desktop amplifier | $150 | 61 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| Kiwi Ears Allegro Pro | USB dongle | $60 | 60 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| ddHiFi TC35Pro (Mountain2) | USB dongle | $66 | 57 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| DUNU DTC 480 | USB dongle | $70 | 57 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| ddHiFi TC35Pro (Eye2) | USB dongle | $76 | 57 mW | +14 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO KA13 | USB dongle | $79 | 53 mW | +13 dB | Comfortable |
| Generic CX31993 dongles | USB dongle | $12 | 52 mW | +13 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| EarStudio ES100 MK2 | Bluetooth receiver | $90 | 52 mW | +13 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th gen | audio interface | $279 | 48 mW | +13 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 16i16 (4th Gen) | audio interface | $410 | 48 mW | +13 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 18i16 (4th Gen) | audio interface | $570 | 48 mW | +13 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th gen | audio interface | $699 | 48 mW | +13 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Marantz SACD 30n | desktop DAC/amp | $3500 | 44 mW | +12 dB | Comfortable |
| Tascam US-4x4HR | audio interface | $249 | 39 mW | +12 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Creative Sound Blaster X3 | desktop DAC/amp | $100 | 39 mW | +12 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO SnowSky Tiny B | USB dongle | $22 | 39 mW | +12 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO SnowSky Tiny A | USB dongle | $22 | 35 mW | +11 dB | Comfortable |
| Sony NW-WM1AM2 | portable player | $1399 | 34 mW | +11 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Sony NW-WM1ZM2 | portable player | $3700 | 34 mW | +11 dB | Comfortable |
| FiiO BTR11 | Bluetooth receiver | $36 | 32 mW | +11 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Sony NW-ZX707 | portable player | $898 | 29 mW | +11 dB | Comfortable |
| Steinberg IXO22 | audio interface | $119 | 28 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable |
| Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th gen | audio interface | $139 | 27 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th gen | audio interface | $199 | 27 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Apple USB-C dongle (US) | USB dongle | $9 | 26 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| JadeAudio JA11 | USB dongle | $20 | 26 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable |
| Kiwi Ears Allegro Mini | USB dongle | $24 | 26 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable faint hiss |
| Zoom AMS-24 | audio interface | $150 | 26 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Zoom AMS-44 | audio interface | $200 | 26 mW | +10 dB | Comfortable damping |
| Focusrite Vocaster Two | audio interface | $250 | 24 mW | +10 dB | Enough |
| PreSonus Studio 24c | audio interface | $149 | 24 mW | +10 dB | Enough |
| IK Multimedia AXE I/O ONE | audio interface | $130 | 22 mW | +10 dB | Enough |
| Audient EVO 4 | audio interface | $129 | 21 mW | +9 dB | Enough damping |
| Audient EVO 8 | audio interface | $249 | 21 mW | +9 dB | Enough damping |
| Sony NW-A306 | portable player | $350 | 20 mW | +9 dB | Enough faint hiss |
| Zoom AMS-22 | audio interface | $100 | 18 mW | +8 dB | Enough damping |
| Roland Rubix22 | audio interface | $210 | 17 mW | +8 dB | Enough damping |
| Roland Rubix44 | audio interface | $432 | 17 mW | +8 dB | Enough damping |
| Tascam US-2x2HR | audio interface | $199 | 16 mW | +8 dB | Enough damping |
| Apple USB-C dongle (EU) | USB dongle | $9 | 13 mW | +7 dB | Enough faint hiss |
| Steinberg UR22C | audio interface | $199 | 10 mW | +6 dB | Enough |
Hiss. At 111.5 dB/V these are sensitive enough to reveal a source's own noise floor. The noisiest source in the database, the Schiit Vali 2+, would put its hiss at roughly 19 dB SPL in these headphones — clearly audible in quiet passages. The hiss calculator lets you check your own amplifier's noise figure.
Output impedance. At 28Ω these want a source output impedance below 3.50Ω to satisfy the one-eighth rule. 35 of the 280 sources here miss it, the worst being the Bottlehead Crack (OTL kit) at 120.0Ω. Above that threshold the source starts shaping the frequency response. Check yours here.
28Ω · 97.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →28Ω · 97.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →25Ω · 100.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →35Ω · 97.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →45Ω · 98.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →45Ω · 98.0 dB/mW · Easy
See requirements →Or open the comparison tool to put any two models side by side, or browse all 578. Or see every Fostex headphone in the database, and how much of what this site says about them came from Fostex’s own documents.