iFi Zen DAC 3: power output and what it will drive

The iFi Zen DAC 3 is a desktop DAC/amp at $229. It delivers 210 mW into 32Ω and 28 mW into 300Ω, which ranks it 57 of 88 for raw power among the sources in this database.

Measured at 100 dB SPL it has comfortable headroom on 301 of the 310 dynamic and planar headphones catalogued here and enough but not generous on 9. The one combo here that publishes balanced and single-ended power separately, which makes the 6 dB balanced gain visible rather than implied.

What it actually puts out

TypeDesktop dac/amp
Price$229
Power into 32 Ω210 mW
Power into 150 Ω50 mW
Power into 300 Ω28 mW
Power into 600 Ω18 mW
Output impedance1 Ω
Output noisenot published
Comfortable headroom on 301 of 310 headphones (97%)

Where these numbers come from

The manufacturer publishes 210 mW into 32Ω, 18 mW into 600Ω. Everything else in the table above is worked out from those figures, and this table says which is which.

The balanced output is rated separately: 300 mW into 32Ω through the 4.4mm jack.

Derivation holds output voltage steady between and beyond the published loads rather than output power, because that is what an amplifier actually does. The full method is written up here.

Source: downloads.ifi-audio.com, ifi-audio.com.

LoadPowerStatusHow it was arrived at
32 Ω210 mWPublishedthe manufacturer publishes this figure at this exact load
150 Ω50 mWDerivedworked out between two published loads, holding output voltage linear between them
300 Ω28 mWDerivedworked out between two published loads, holding output voltage linear between them
600 Ω18 mWPublishedthe manufacturer publishes this figure at this exact load

Against 41 well-known headphones

Ordered from easiest to hardest to drive. Headroom is measured at 100 dB SPL, which is louder than almost anyone listens — a small negative number means the source still plays loud, just without reserve for peaks.

These figures come from each manufacturer's own sensitivity rating. A handful of planars — the HiFiMAN Susvara and HE-6se and the Abyss AB-1266 in particular — are widely reported to need far more than their published sensitivity implies, so treat a bare pass on those as optimistic rather than settled.

HeadphoneImpedancedB/mWNeedsHeadroomVerdict
Shure SE8469 Ω114.00.04 mW+32 dBComfortable
64 Audio U12t13 Ω108.00.16 mW+27 dBComfortable
Shure SE21517 Ω107.00.20 mW+27 dBComfortable
Moondrop Aria32 Ω107.00.20 mW+30 dBComfortable
Sennheiser IE 20018 Ω104.00.40 mW+25 dBComfortable
Audeze LCD-X 202120 Ω103.00.50 mW+24 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 25 (1-II)70 Ω108.00.16 mW+28 dBComfortable
Sony MDR-750663 Ω106.00.25 mW+26 dBComfortable
Meze 99 Classics32 Ω103.00.50 mW+26 dBComfortable
Focal Clear MG55 Ω104.00.40 mW+25 dBComfortable
Philips SHP950032 Ω101.00.79 mW+24 dBComfortable
Truthear Hexa21 Ω99.01.3 mW+20 dBComfortable
Focal Utopia80 Ω104.00.40 mW+23 dBComfortable
Meze Empyrean32 Ω100.01.0 mW+23 dBComfortable
Campfire Audio Andromeda 20209 Ω94.04.0 mW+12 dBComfortable
Etymotic ER2SE15 Ω96.02.5 mW+16 dBComfortable
AKG K37132 Ω99.01.3 mW+22 dBComfortable
Grado SR80x32 Ω99.01.3 mW+22 dBComfortable
Audio-Technica ATH-M50X38 Ω99.01.3 mW+22 dBComfortable
Beyerdynamic DT 900 Pro X48 Ω100.01.0 mW+22 dBComfortable
Audeze LCD-2 Classic70 Ω101.00.79 mW+21 dBComfortable
Dan Clark Audio AEON 2 Closed13 Ω92.06.3 mW+11 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 560S120 Ω101.00.79 mW+19 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN Edition XS18 Ω92.06.3 mW+13 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN Arya Stealth32 Ω94.04.0 mW+17 dBComfortable
Audeze LCD-514 Ω90.010 mW+10 dBEnough
HiFiMAN Sundara37 Ω94.04.0 mW+17 dBComfortable
Beyerdynamic DT 1990 Pro (250Ω)250 Ω102.00.63 mW+17 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN HE400se32 Ω91.07.9 mW+14 dBComfortable
AKG K70262 Ω93.05.0 mW+13 dBComfortable
Fostex T50RP MK350 Ω92.06.3 mW+13 dBComfortable
ZMF Verite Closed300 Ω99.01.3 mW+14 dBComfortable
Dan Clark Audio Stealth23 Ω87.020 mW+9 dBEnough
Sennheiser HD 650300 Ω98.01.6 mW+13 dBComfortable
ZMF Atrium300 Ω98.01.6 mW+13 dBComfortable
Audio-Technica ATH-R70X470 Ω99.01.3 mW+12 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 600300 Ω97.02.0 mW+12 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 800S300 Ω97.02.0 mW+12 dBComfortable
Beyerdynamic DT 770 Pro (250Ω)250 Ω96.02.5 mW+11 dBComfortable
Abyss AB-1266 Phi TC42 Ω88.016 mW+10 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN Susvara60 Ω83.050 mW+4 dBEnough

Will it hiss?

The manufacturer does not publish an output noise figure for this source, so the hiss estimate that runs on every other page here cannot be run on this one. Rather than substitute a plausible number, this page leaves the question open.

If you know the noise figure from a measurement you trust, the hiss calculator takes it directly and tells you where that noise lands in your own in-ears.

Output impedance and the one-eighth rule

At 1 Ω output impedance this source satisfies the one-eighth rule with every headphone in the database, down to the 8Ω in-ears. Nothing here will have its frequency response shaped by the source.

The rule is a rule of thumb, not physics: a source impedance below one eighth of the headphone's keeps the interaction under about 1 dB. The checker works it out for any pair.

Other desktop DAC/amps at a similar price

Or put any two side by side in the source comparison tool, or run your own headphones through the amplifier matcher.