Lotoo PAW 6000: power output and what it will drive

The Lotoo PAW 6000 is a portable player at $1200. It delivers 300 mW into 32Ω and 32 mW into 300Ω, which ranks it 133 of 280 for raw power among the sources in this database.

Measured at 100 dB SPL it has comfortable headroom on 551 of the 571 dynamic and planar headphones catalogued here, enough but not generous on 16, only marginal on 2 and not enough power for 2. Power is published at 32Ω; the rest of the table is derived from those figures. Output impedance is not published.

What it actually puts out

TypePortable player
Price$1200
Power into 32 Ω300 mW
Power into 150 Ω64 mW
Power into 300 Ω32 mW
Power into 600 Ω16 mW
Output impedancenot published
Output noise0.975 µV
Comfortable headroom on 551 of 571 headphones (96%) · short of power on 2

Where these numbers come from

The manufacturer publishes 300 mW into 32Ω. Everything else in the table above is worked out from those figures, and this table says which is which.

The balanced output is rated separately: 300 mW into 32Ω through the 4.4mm jack.

Derivation holds output voltage steady between and beyond the published loads rather than output power, because that is what an amplifier actually does. The full method is written up here.

Source: lotoo.cn, lotoo.cn.

LoadPowerStatusHow it was arrived at
32 Ω300 mWPublishedthe manufacturer publishes this figure at this exact load
150 Ω64 mWDerivedbeyond the published loads, holding output voltage constant — which understates rather than flatters
300 Ω32 mWDerivedbeyond the published loads, holding output voltage constant — which understates rather than flatters
600 Ω16 mWDerivedbeyond the published loads, holding output voltage constant — which understates rather than flatters

Against 40 well-known headphones

Ordered from easiest to hardest to drive. Headroom is measured at 100 dB SPL, which is louder than almost anyone listens — a small negative number means the source still plays loud, just without reserve for peaks.

These figures come from each manufacturer's own sensitivity rating. A handful of planars — the HiFiMAN Susvara and HE-6se and the Abyss AB-1266 in particular — are widely reported to need far more than their published sensitivity implies, so treat a bare pass on those as optimistic rather than settled.

HeadphoneImpedancedB/mWNeedsHeadroomVerdict
Shure SE8469 Ω114.00.04 mW+33 dBComfortable audible hiss
64 Audio U12t12.6 Ω108.00.16 mW+29 dBComfortable faint hiss
Shure SE21517 Ω107.00.20 mW+29 dBComfortable faint hiss
Moondrop Aria32 Ω107.10.19 mW+32 dBComfortable faint hiss
Audeze LCD-X 202120 Ω103.00.50 mW+26 dBComfortable
Truthear Hexa20.5 Ω103.10.49 mW+26 dBComfortable
Sennheiser IE 20018 Ω101.60.69 mW+24 dBComfortable
Sony MDR-750663 Ω106.00.25 mW+28 dBComfortable
Meze 99 Classics32 Ω103.00.50 mW+28 dBComfortable
Focal Clear MG55 Ω104.00.40 mW+26 dBComfortable
Philips SHP950032 Ω101.00.79 mW+26 dBComfortable
Focal Utopia80 Ω104.00.40 mW+25 dBComfortable
Meze Empyrean32 Ω100.01.0 mW+25 dBComfortable
Campfire Audio Andromeda 20209 Ω94.04.0 mW+13 dBComfortable
Etymotic ER2SE15 Ω96.02.5 mW+17 dBComfortable
AKG K37132 Ω99.11.2 mW+24 dBComfortable
Audio-Technica ATH-M50X38 Ω99.01.3 mW+23 dBComfortable
Beyerdynamic DT 900 Pro X48 Ω100.01.0 mW+23 dBComfortable
Audeze LCD-2 Classic70 Ω101.00.79 mW+22 dBComfortable
Grado SR80x38 Ω98.01.6 mW+22 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 560S120 Ω100.80.83 mW+20 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN Edition XS18 Ω92.06.3 mW+14 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN Arya Stealth32 Ω94.04.0 mW+19 dBComfortable
Dan Clark Audio AEON 2 Closed13 Ω90.010 mW+11 dBComfortable
Audeze LCD-514 Ω90.010 mW+11 dBComfortable
Beyerdynamic DT 1990 Pro (250Ω)250 Ω102.00.63 mW+18 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN HE400se25 Ω91.07.9 mW+15 dBComfortable
HiFiMAN Sundara32 Ω92.06.3 mW+17 dBComfortable
Dan Clark Audio Stealth23 Ω90.010 mW+13 dBComfortable
Fostex T50RP MK350 Ω92.06.3 mW+15 dBComfortable
AKG K70262 Ω92.95.1 mW+15 dBComfortable
ZMF Verite Closed300 Ω99.01.3 mW+14 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 650300 Ω97.81.7 mW+13 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 800S300 Ω96.82.1 mW+12 dBComfortable
Beyerdynamic DT 770 Pro (250Ω)250 Ω96.02.5 mW+12 dBComfortable
Audio-Technica ATH-R70X470 Ω98.01.6 mW+11 dBComfortable
ZMF Atrium300 Ω96.02.5 mW+11 dBComfortable
Abyss AB-1266 Phi TC50 Ω88.016 mW+11 dBComfortable
Sennheiser HD 600300 Ω91.86.6 mW+7 dBEnough
HiFiMAN Susvara60 Ω83.050 mW+5 dBEnough

Will it hiss?

At 0.975 µV of output noise, here is where that noise lands in the five most revealing in-ears in the database.

This one hisses. With the most sensitive in-ears in the database its own noise lands around 17 dB SPL, which you will hear between tracks and in quiet passages.

In-earImpedanceSensitivityHiss level
Tanchjim EA FORCE17 Ω137.7 dB/V17 dB SPL
Shure SE8469 Ω134.5 dB/V14 dB SPL
Campfire Audio Clara13.3 Ω134.1 dB/V14 dB SPL
64 Audio Fourte10 Ω134.0 dB/V14 dB SPL
Shure SE53536 Ω133.4 dB/V13 dB SPL

Output impedance and the one-eighth rule

The manufacturer does not publish an output impedance for this source. That is the one number that decides whether it leaves your headphones alone or acts as a tone control, so its absence matters more than it looks: without it, nothing here can tell you how this source will behave with a multi-driver in-ear.

If you find a measured figure you trust, the checker will work out the consequence for any headphone.

Other portable players at a similar price

Or put any two side by side in the source comparison tool, or run your own headphones through the amplifier matcher. Or see every Lotoo source in the database, and how much of what this site says about them came from Lotoo’s own documents.